Step-by-Step Guide to Using a Fire Extinguisher
Using a fire extinguisher effectively can prevent small fires from becoming large emergencies. Here’s a detailed guide to help you use one safely and correctly:
1. Assess the Situation
Ensure Safety:
Confirm that the fire is small, manageable, and not spreading rapidly.
Know Your Exit:
Stand with an escape route behind you in case the fire escalates.
Call for Help:
Dial emergency services even if you plan to extinguish the fire.
2. Identify the Right Fire Extinguisher
Fire extinguishers are categorized based on the type of fire:
Class A:
For ordinary combustibles like wood, paper, and cloth.
Class B:
For flammable liquids like gasoline or oil.
Class C:
For electrical fires.
Class D:
For combustible metals.
Class K:
For cooking oils and grease fires.
Check the label to ensure the extinguisher matches the type of fire.
3. Follow the PASS Technique
The PASS technique is the standard method for using a fire extinguisher:
i. P - Pull the Pin:
Remove the safety pin to unlock the extinguisher.
Ensure the extinguisher is pointed away from you while doing this.
ii. A - Aim at the Base of the Fire:
Direct the nozzle or hose at the base of the fire, not the flames. This targets the source.
iii. S - Squeeze the Handle:
Press the handle to release the extinguishing agent.
iv. S - Sweep Side to Side:
Move the nozzle in a sweeping motion across the base of the fire until it is extinguished.
Continue until the extinguisher is empty or the fire is out.
4. Monitor the Fire
After extinguishing, watch for re-ignition. Fire embers can sometimes reignite.
If the fire continues to grow despite your efforts, evacuate immediately.
5. Post-Fire Safety
Ventilate the Area:
Open windows and doors to clear any smoke or extinguishing agent residue.
Report the Incident:
Inform fire services about the event, even if the fire is extinguished.
Inspect the Extinguisher:
Recharge or replace the extinguisher after use.
Key Safety Tips:
Never attempt to fight a fire if it is too large or spreading rapidly.
Always maintain a safe distance (about 6-8 feet) from the fire while using the extinguisher.
If in doubt, evacuate and let professionals handle the situation.
By understanding and following these steps, you can use a fire extinguisher effectively in emergencies.
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